Quick Facts
Distribution
- The Midnight Angelfish is a small, jet-black fish that grows to about 10 cm long. Its deep, uniform colour makes it one of the most striking and unusual angelfish on the reef.
- Unlike most angelfish, which are decorated with bright colours and bold patterns, the Midnight Angelfish is almost entirely black. Look closely and you may notice a faint yellow blotch just behind the gill cover. Its fins carry a barely visible edge of grey or navy.
- In Australia, it lives along the Great Barrier Reef, where it favours the coral-rich slopes of outer reefs. Its range stretches across the Western Pacific, from southern Japan south to New Caledonia and east to Micronesia.
- It is a fish of the deeper reef. Most are found between about 10 and 70 m down, where the light fades and the coral walls drop away into darker water.
- The Midnight Angelfish spends most of its time close to the reef, picking algae from rock and coral surfaces. It rarely strays far from a crevice or cave entrance it can retreat into.
- It is a shy and secretive fish by nature. Rather than swimming freely in the open, it tends to weave through gaps in the reef and stay near shelter.
- Midnight Angelfish live in small harems of roughly three to seven fish, with one male and several females in the group.
- Like other dwarf angelfish, this species starts life as a female and can later change into a male. If the male of a group disappears, the most dominant female will take his place.
- Juveniles look much the same as adults, dressed in the same dark colours from an early age. This makes them unusual among reef fish, where young fish often look quite different from the adults.
- You may also see this species called the Dusky Angelfish. Both names refer to the same fish.
- One of its strangest neighbours on the reef is the Midnight Dottyback, a completely unrelated fish that has evolved to look almost identical to it. Scientists believe the dottyback mimics the angelfish’s appearance, though exactly why remains an open question.
Species Interaction
Midnight Angelfish: A Rare Reef Find for Divers and Aquarists
- Aquarium
- Snorkelling & Diving
- Research & Rare Encounters
The Midnight Angelfish is sought after in the aquarium hobby, where its uniform jet-black colouring makes it a striking species for experienced reef-tank keepers. It requires large, well-structured tanks with plenty of live rock. In Australian waters, the species occurs on parts of the Great Barrier Reef and Scott Reef, where divers may encounter it weaving through deeper reef slopes, though sightings are uncommon.
Scientific Classification
- Kingdom: Animalia
- Phylum: Chordata
- Class: Teleostei
- Order: Acanthuriformes
- Family: Pomacanthidae
- Genus: Centropyge
- Species: Centropyge nox
Conservation Status
The Midnight Angelfish is listed as Least Concern by the IUCN, assessed in October 2009. Its population resilience is rated high, with a low fishing vulnerability score. No Australian EPBC listing applies to this species.
Interaction Highlights
Aquarium
Best kept by experienced aquarists in a tank of at least 70 gallons.
Diving
Spotted on deeper outer reef slopes in Queensland and off northern Australia.
Research
Described as rare in Australian waters, with limited occurrence records documented.
Midnight Angelfish
As Aquarium Fish
Care Level: Moderate
Temperament: Semi-Aggressive
Diet: Omnivore
Reef Compatible: With caution
Minimum Tank Size: 70 gallons
Recreational Viewing
- Snorkeling & Scuba
Finding: Difficult
Temperament: Shy
Location: Inner Reef, Outer Reef
Danger: None
Elusive / Overlooked Species
Finding: Difficult
Temperament: Shy
Location: Outer reef, Caves
Danger: None