Marjorie’s Hardyhead

Craterocephalus marjoriae
Marjorie's Hardyhead - Marinewise © 2025 MarineWise

Quick Facts

Scientific name Craterocephalus marjoriae
Other names Marjorie's Freshwater Hardyhead, Silverstreak Hardyhead
Size Up to 8.5 cm (3.34 in)
Weight A few grams

Distribution

Habitat & AU Distribution Freshwaters streams & rivers over sandy & gravel areas often near aquatic vegetation
Depth Range 10 - 100 cm (40 in)
Marjorie's Hardyhead Distribution

Interesting Info

  • The Marjorie’s Hardyhead is endemic to eastern Australia, occurring in clear coastal streams from the Mary River (Queensland) south to the Clarence River in northern New South Wales.
  • Its body is slender and partly transparent, with a faint silver-gold stripe along the side that shimmers in sunlight.
  • The upper jaw juts forward slightly, a key feature that distinguishes it from other hardyheads.
  • It prefers clear, flowing creeks with sandy or gravelly bottoms, often in the company of aquatic plants that provide cover and spawning sites.
  • Schools of hundreds of fish can sometimes be seen hovering near the surface, flashing silver as they dart together in unison.
  • Their diet includes tiny plankton, insect larvae, algae, fish eggs, and micro-crustaceans, making them important grazers in stream food webs.
  • The species was first described in 1948 by Gilbert Whitley, who named it after his wife Marjorie — giving the fish a rare personal touch in scientific naming.
  • Breeding occurs from September to January, with a peak early in the season when waters are warmest.
  • Females release tiny sticky eggs (about 1.15–1.25 mm wide) that attach to aquatic plants and rocks. Eggs hatch in around 7–9 days, releasing larvae that are only about 5.7 mm (0.2 in) long.
  • Instead of spawning all at once, females spawn multiple times across the season, boosting survival chances.
  • Their lifespan is estimated to be around 1-2 years.
Species Interaction

Creek Snorkelling, Conservation

Marjorie’s Hardyhead is most often encountered as sparkling shoals along sunlit creek edges, where creek-snorkellers can watch hundreds of fish hovering over sand and water plants. Its main connection with people is through river-health monitoring and habitat restoration: scientists and community groups survey schools, protect vegetated margins, and keep flows connected so these small coastal streams stay clear and healthy.

Scientific Classification

Kingdom: Animalia

Phylum: Chordata

Class: Actinopterygii

Order: Atheriniformes

Family: Atherinidae

Genus: Craterocephalus

Species: Craterocephalus marjoriae

Conservation Status

Marjorie’s Hardyhead is listed as “Vulnerable” on the IUCN Red List of Threatened Species. This means that the species faces a high risk of extinction in the wild in the near future if conservation actions are not taken.

Recreational Viewing
- Snorkeling & Scuba

Finding: Easy

Temperament: Shy

Danger: None