Bridled Triggerfish

Sufflamen Fraenatum
Bridled Triggerfish - Marinewise © 2026 MarineWise

Quick Facts

Scientific name Sufflamen Fraenatum
Other names Brown Triggerfish, Golden Triggerfish, Masked File Fish, Masked Triggerfish
Size Up to 38 cm (14.96 in)
Weight Up to 2 kg (4.4 lb)

Distribution

Habitat & AU Distribution Coastal waters, lagoons, rocky & coral reefs amongst sandy, silty & rubble areas
Depth Range Up to 50 m (164 ft)
Bridled Triggerfish

Interesting Info

  • The Bridled Triggerfish is found across the Indo-Pacific, including northern Australia, particularly the Great Barrier Reef, Coral Sea, and reefs of Western Australia.
  • It gets its name from a thin dark “bridle” stripe that runs from the mouth across the cheek to the pectoral-fin base, looking like a horse’s bridle.
  • They usually grow to about 38 cm (15 in) long, making them a medium-sized triggerfish compared to their bigger cousins like the Titan or Yellowmargin Triggerfish.
  • Their body is generally brownish to olive-grey, with a pale underside. They also have white or bluish lines along the head and fins, and the tail fin is edged in white.
  • Juveniles are smaller and lighter in colour, often hiding in shallow lagoons and sandy patches until they mature.
  • Like all triggerfish, they have a dorsal trigger spine they can lock into place, wedging themselves into cracks in the reef when threatened.
  • They are omnivores, eating a wide range of reef foods including crabs, sea urchins, molluscs, starfish, and algae. Their strong jaws allow them to bite through shells with ease.
  • Bridled Triggerfish are usually seen on reef flats, lagoons, and outer reef slopes, from shallow water down to about 50 m (164 ft).
  • Breeding happens in shallow sandy areas where females lay eggs in nests, and both parents guard the site until the eggs hatch.
  • During nesting season, they can become very aggressive, often charging at snorkellers, divers, or larger fish that come too close.
  • They play an important role in reef ecosystems by controlling populations of invertebrates and grazing on algae.
  • Their lifespan is thought to be around 10 years, though detailed studies on their age in the wild are limited.
Species Interaction

Snorkelling & Diving

Bridled Triggerfish are a familiar sight for snorkellers and divers on shallow reef flats and sandy channels. They are generally calm but can be highly aggressive when guarding nests. Their distinctive markings make them easy to identify for anyone exploring the reef.

Scientific Classification

Kingdom: Animalia

Phylum: Chordata

Class: Actinopterygii

Order: Tetraodontiformes

Family: Balistidae

Genus: Sufflamen

Species: Sufflamen Fraenatum

Conservation Status

The Bridled Triggerfish is listed as Least Concern by the IUCN. It is common and widespread across Indo-Pacific reefs, though like all reef species it depends on healthy coral habitats for survival.

Fish Taste Quality

Bridled Triggerfish is edible but not targeted in Australia and rarely eaten. In some parts of the Indo-Pacific it is caught for food, but there is a potential risk of ciguatera poisoning.

Taste Rating: 1/5

How to catch
Bridled Triggerfish

Catch Difficulty: Easy

Tackle: Patternoster Rig, Running Sinker Rig

Bait: Crab, Fresh cut flesh baits, Octopus, Prawns, Shellfish, Squid, Worms

Technique: Keep bait close to the reef/structure

Popularity: Not targeted - Bycatch

Recreational Viewing
- Snorkeling & Scuba

Finding: Easy

Temperament: Semi-Aggressive

Location: Inner Reef, Lagoon

Danger: None