Quick Facts
Distribution

Interesting Info
- The Common Galaxias is found throughout Australia, from southern Queensland through New South Wales, Victoria, Tasmania, and South Australia, mainly in coastal rivers and estuaries.
- Its body is semi-transparent and golden-brown with scattered dark spots and flecks along the back and sides — the “maculatus” in its name means “spotted.”
- Adults feed mainly on insects, crustaceans, and zooplankton, taking food from both the water column and surface.
- They are strong migrators, capable of moving long distances between estuaries and rivers, and sometimes travelling upstream into small creeks.
- The species is highly adaptable, living in habitats from tidal estuaries to cool headwater streams, although it depends on open migration routes to complete its life cycle.
- In Tasmania and New Zealand, the seasonal migration of juveniles is the basis of the whitebait fishery, where swarms of young galaxias are netted for food.
- Breeding occurs in autumn (March–May), when adults migrate downstream into estuaries and lay eggs in vegetation just above the high-tide line.
- The eggs remain out of water but damp until the next spring tide, when they hatch as larvae and are washed out to sea.
- Larvae spend 4–6 months in the ocean before returning to rivers as tiny juveniles, forming seasonal whitebait runs.
- The lifespan is usually 1–3 years, with most fish breeding once before dying.
Species Interaction
Commercial & Recreational Fishing, Conservation
The Common Galaxias is strongly tied to people through the whitebait fishery, especially in Tasmania and New Zealand, where juveniles returning from the sea are harvested seasonally. It is also a focus of conservation and river restoration projects, because its migrations are easily disrupted by dams and barriers. Protecting it helps keep river–estuary connections healthy for many other species too. They are also a target or catch and release fishing for fly fish anglers.
Scientific Classification
Kingdom: Animalia
Phylum: Chordata
Class: Actinopterygii
Order: Osmeriformes
Family: Galaxiidae
Genus: Galaxias
Species: Galaxias maculatus
Conservation Status
The Common Galaxias is listed as Least Concern by the IUCN, thanks to its wide global range. However, in Australia it faces local pressures, especially from river barriers, wetland loss, and estuary degradation. Regional management is important to keep its populations healthy and its whitebait runs sustainable.
Fish Taste Quality
Common Galaxias juveniles (whitebait) are eaten in Tasmania and New Zealand, where they are fried or used in fritters. Adults are not usually eaten.
Taste Rating: 3/5
How to catch
Common Galaxias
Catch Difficulty: Intermediate
Tackle: Artificial Rig
Bait: Lures, Insects, Flies
Technique: Cast lures close to structure
Popularity: Targeted
Common Galaxias
As Aquarium Fish
Care Level: Easy to moderate
Temperament: Peaceful
Diet: Omnivore
Reef Compatible: No
Minimum Tank Size: 30 gallons