Little Pygmy Perch

Interesting Info

• The Little Pygmy Perch is one of the smallest freshwater fish in Australia, with adults reaching only 3–4 cm (1.2–1.6 in) in length.
• It was only formally recognised as a new species in 2013, after scientists realised populations in southwest WA were genetically distinct from other pygmy perches.
• They live only in a handful of sites in southwestern Western Australia, between the Goodga and Angove Rivers near Albany. This makes them one of the most geographically restricted vertebrates in Australia.
• Their colouration is golden-brown to olive with faint mottling, while males develop bright orange and red fins during the breeding season.
• Habitat is shallow creeks, streams, and wetlands with dense aquatic plants, leaf litter, and slow-flowing, tannin-stained water.
• They feed on tiny aquatic insects, larvae, and plankton, making them an important insect controller in their habitat.
• Populations are naturally fragmented, with small, isolated groups in just a few creeks and wetlands.
• Breeding occurs in spring and early summer, with females laying small batches of eggs on aquatic plants. The young remain hidden among vegetation until large enough to school.
• Because they are so range-restricted, they are extremely vulnerable to threats like habitat loss, salinity, climate change, and invasive fish (especially Gambusia).
• The Little Pygmy Perch is listed as Endangered under the EPBC Act and Endangered by the IUCN.
• Lifespan is short, typically 2–3 years, which means populations rely on successful breeding every year.