Dalhousie Mogurnda

Mogurnda thermophila
Dalhousie Mogurnda - Marinewise © 2025 MarineWise

Quick Facts

Scientific name Mogurnda thermophila
Other names Dalhousie Purple Spotted Gudgeon
Size Up to 13.5 cm (5.31 in)
Weight Under .20 kg (.44 lb)

Distribution

Habitat & AU Distribution Freshwater streams, springs & swamps amongst wooden debris & aquatic vegetation
Depth Range 0 - 2 m (6 ft)
Dalhousie Mogurnda Distribution

Interesting Info

  • The Dalhousie Mogurnda is a freshwater fish species that is endemic to Australia. The species is found in thermal springs and adjacent waterways within the Dalhousie Springs complex in South Australia.
  • Dalhousie Springs are a group of artesian mound springs, fed by ancient underground water that surfaces in the middle of the desert.
  • The fish thrives in warm waters (often 20–30 °C / 68–86 °F), which is unusual compared to many cooler-water gudgeons.
  • Its body is pale brown to olive with scattered red to orange spots on the sides and fins, giving it a colourful, speckled appearance.
  • The species feeds on insect larvae, worms, crustaceans, and sometimes small fish or tadpoles.
  • They are strongly tied to permanent spring pools, where aquatic vegetation and algae provide shelter and food.
  • Because Dalhousie Springs are isolated, the fish has adapted to survive in extreme desert conditions, making it a unique desert fish story.
  • Breeding occurs in spring and summer. Males guard small nests, often on submerged plants or rocks, where females lay adhesive eggs. The male fans and protects the eggs until they hatch.
  • Despite being little-known to the public, the Dalhousie Mogurnda is one of Australia’s most remarkable examples of a fish adapted to life in the desert.
  • The Dalhousie Mogurnda is considered a flagship conservation species for Australia’s desert springs. Protecting it helps safeguard many other rare plants and animals in these fragile habitats.
  • The lifespan is short, generally 2–3 years, which is typical of small freshwater gudgeons.
Species Interaction

Conservation

The Dalhousie Mogurnda’s only interaction with people is through conservation programs. It is fully protected within Witjira National Park, where habitat restoration, invasive species control, and spring monitoring are crucial for its survival.

Scientific Classification

Kingdom: Animalia

Phylum: Chordata

Class: Actinopterygii

Order: Perciformes

Family: Eleotridae

Genus: Mogurnda

Species: Mogurnda thermophila

Conservation Status

The Dalhousie Mogurnda is listed as Endangered under the EPBC Act and as Endangered by the IUCN Red List. Its highly restricted range makes it vulnerable to aquifer changes, invasive species, and habitat damage. Long-term protection of Dalhousie Springs is essential for its survival.

Elusive / Overlooked Species

Finding: Intermediate

Temperament: Shy

Location: Thermal Springs

Danger: None